A 5-stage Reverse Osmosis (RO) system is a water filtration system designed to purify water by removing contaminants, impurities, and unwanted particles. It typically consists of five distinct stages, each with a specific filtration purpose, ensuring that the water is clean, safe, and suitable for drinking. Here’s how a standard 5-stage RO system works:
1. Sediment Filter (Stage 1)
- Purpose: This is the first line of defense against larger particles like sand, dirt, rust, and silt.
- Filter Type: Usually a polypropylene (PP) filter with a micron rating to capture larger contaminants.
2. Carbon Block Filter (Stage 2)
- Purpose: This stage is designed to remove chlorine, chloramines, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and other chemicals that could affect taste and odor.
- Filter Type: Carbon block or granular activated carbon (GAC).
3. Carbon Block Filter (Stage 3)
- Purpose: Often a secondary carbon filter to further remove any residual chlorine or chemical contaminants that might have passed through the second stage. It also protects the RO membrane.
- Filter Type: Similar to Stage 2, often another carbon block filter.
4. Reverse Osmosis Membrane (Stage 4)
- Purpose: The core of the RO system, this semi-permeable membrane removes up to 99% of dissolved solids, heavy metals, bacteria, viruses, and other microscopic contaminants.
- Filter Type: Thin film composite (TFC) membrane.
5. Post Carbon Filter (Stage 5)
- Purpose: After the water has passed through the RO membrane, it goes through a final carbon filter to remove any remaining odors or tastes before it reaches the faucet.
- Filter Type: Often a granular activated carbon (GAC) filter, also known as a polishing filter.
Optional Stages:
- Some systems include additional stages, such as UV sterilization (Stage 6) for microbial control or remineralization (Stage 7) to add back healthy minerals for better taste.
Benefits of a 5-Stage RO System:
- High-Quality Filtration: Provides highly purified water, removing most contaminants.
- Improved Taste and Odor: Reduces chlorine and other chemicals that can affect water taste.
- Healthier Water: Removes harmful substances like lead, arsenic, and fluoride.
Common Uses:
- Drinking water
- Cooking
- Ice makers
- Aquariums
- Coffee makers
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